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NABTEB GCE 2024 PRACTICAL BIOLOGY SOLUTION
1. (a)
(i) Stigma
(ii) Ovary
(b)
(i) Calcium – Strengthens bones and teeth
(ii) Phosphorus – Helps in the formation of bones and teeth, and is important for energy production
(c) 2(I 2/1, C 0/0, PM 3/2, M 3/3) =28.
(d) Mammalia
(e)
i.Concave lens – for myopia (short-sightedness)
ii.Convex lens – for hyperopia (long-sightedness)
(f)
i.Right atrium
ii.Right ventricle
iii. Left atrium
iv. Left ventricle
(g)
(i) Urea
(ii) Carbon dioxide
(h)
(i) Breathing
(ii) Heartbeat
(i)
i.Hooks and suckers for attachment to the host’s intestinal wall
ii.Flattened body for increased surface area for absorption of nutrients
(j)
i.Vasodilation – widening of blood vessels to release heat
ii.Vasoconstriction – narrowing of blood vessels to conserve heat
(k)
i.Duodenum
ii.Ileum
(L)
-Queen
-King
-Workers
-Soldiers
(m)
i.Meat
ii. Beans
(n)
i. Specificity – enzymes act on specific substrates
ii.Catalytic – enzymes speed up chemical reactions without being consumed
(o)
-Cerebrum
-Cerebellum
-Medulla oblongata
-Hypothalamus
===========
(2a)
(2ai)
Fig 1: Thoracic vertebra Fig 2: Lumbar vertebra
(2aii)
(I) Neural spine
(II) Transverse process
(III) Centrum (body of the vertebra)
(IV) Neural canal
(V) Articular process
(VI) Transverse process (specific to lumbar vertebra)
(VII) Centrum (body of lumbar vertebra)
(VIII) Neural spine (specific to lumbar vertebra)
(2b)
(I) Neural spine: Provides attachment for muscles and ligaments.
(III) Centrum (body): Supports body weight.
(IV) Neural canal: Protects the spinal cord.
(VII) Centrum (body of lumbar vertebra): Provides structural support and weight-bearing for the lower back.
(2c)
(i) Provides support and shape to the body.
(ii) Protects vital organs (e.g., skull protects the brain, ribs protect the heart and lungs).
(iii) Enables movement by providing attachment points for muscles.
===========
(2a)
(2ai)
Fig 1: Thoracic vertebra
Fig 2: Lumbar vertebra
(2aii)
(I) Neural spine
(II) Transverse process
(III) Centrum (body of the vertebra)
(IV) Neural canal
(V) Articular process
(VI) Transverse process (specific to lumbar vertebra)
(VII) Centrum (body of lumbar vertebra)
(VIII) Neural spine (specific to lumbar vertebra)
(2b)
(I) Neural spine: Provides attachment for muscles and ligaments.
(III) Centrum (body): Supports body weight.
(IV) Neural canal: Protects the spinal cord.
(VII) Centrum (body of lumbar vertebra): Provides structural support and weight-bearing for the lower back.
(2c)
(i) Provides support and shape to the body.
(ii) Protects vital organs (e.g., skull protects the brain, ribs protect the heart and lungs).
(iii) Enables movement by providing attachment points for muscles.
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