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Biology-Obj
01-10: EEDDDEEAAE
11-20: DABBCACEBD
21-30: BCECCDADAD
31-40: DDBEBAEDBC
41-50: BACABABDDE
51-60: ACDCDCCDDA

Number 1-5 Has Been Answered For You

(1ai)
(i) Producers
(ii) Consumers
(iii) Decomposers

(1aii)
(i) Mandibles
(ii) Maxillae
(iii) Labium

(1bi)
(i) Filtration: Blood enters the glomerulus through the afferent arteriole and is filtered under pressure in the Bowman’s capsule, removing water, ions, glucose, amino acids, and waste products like urea from the blood.
(ii) Reabsorption: As the filtrate moves through the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct, essential substances such as water, glucose, and ions are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.
(iii) Secretion: Additional waste products and excess ions are secreted into the tubule from the surrounding capillaries, ensuring the removal of substances not initially filtered or those that need to be regulated.
The final product, urine, collects in the renal pelvis, flows through the ureters to the bladder, and is excreted via the urethra.

(1bii)
(i) Malleus (Hammer)
(ii) Incus (Anvil)

(1biii)
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
-Converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight
-Only occurs in the presence of light (daytime)

RESPIRATION
-Converts glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy (ATP)
-Occurs continuously, day and night

====================================

(2ai)
(i) Lightweight skeleton
(ii) Feathers
(iii) Powerful muscles
(iv) Streamlined body

(2aii)
Pollination is the process where pollen from the anther (male part) of a flower is transferred to the stigma (female part). This can happen through wind, water, or animals like bees. Once on the stigma, the pollen grain grows a tube down to the ovary, allowing the sperm to fertilize the ovules, leading to seed formation.

(2bi)
(i) Sticky Tongue
(ii) Camouflaged Skin
(iii) Sharp Vision:

(2bii)
= TABULATE =

= ARTERIES =
(i) Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body tissues
(ii) Thick walls with three layers: tunica intima, tunica media (muscular and elastic fibers), tunica externa
(iii) Generally no valves (except in pulmonary artery and some veins in limbs)
(iv) Higher blood pressure (due to closer proximity to the heart and strong contraction of the left ventricle)

= VEINS =
(i) Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body tissues
(ii) Thinner walls with three layers: tunica intima, tunica media (less muscular and elastic than arteries), tunica externa
(iii) Valves present, especially in limbs, to prevent backflow of blood
(iv) Lower blood pressure (as blood has traveled through the body and lost pressure)

=====================================

(3ai)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Phototropism
(ii) Gravitropism
(iii) Thigmotropism
(iv) Hydrotropism
(v) Chemotropism
(vi) Seismonastic

(3aii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Loss of fertile topsoil
(ii) Reduction in water retention capacity
(iii) Increased flooding and sedimentation
(iv) Decline in crop yields and vegetation cover
(v) Loss of biodiversity

(3bi)
Grass → Grasshopper → Lizard → Hawk

(3bii)
Check the diagram below

(3biii)
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Oxygen
(ii) Water
(iii) Glucose
(iv) ATP

=====================================

(4ai)
(i) Humerus
(ii) Radius
(iii) Ulna

(4aii)
Check the diagram below

(4bi)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Insulin
(ii) Glucagon
(iii) Thyroid hormone
(iv) Adrenaline
(v) Cortisol
(vi) Estrogen

(4bii)
-Amoeba-
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Food vacuole
(ii) Plasma membrane
(iii) Contractile vacuole

-Hydra-
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Gastrovascular cavity
(ii) Gastrodermis cells
(iii) Choanocytes

-Earthworm-
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Nephridia
(ii) Flame cells
(iii) Chloragogen cells

-Grasshopper-
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Malpighian tubules
(ii) Rectum
(iii) Hindgut

(4biii)
-Mitochondria-
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Produce energy (ATP)
(ii) Regulation of cell death
(iii) Control of cellular metabolism
(iv) Protein synthesis
(v) Calcium homeostasis

-Lysosomes-
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Digesting food particles and old organelles
(ii) Detoxification and removal of waste products
(iii) Regulation of cell death (autolysis)
(iv) Defense against pathogens
(v) Bone resorption

====================================

(5a)
Draw the diagram below

(5bi)
[In a Tabular form]

-Monocot Plants-
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Single cotyledon in the seed
(ii) Parallel leaf veins
(iii) Scattered vascular bundles in the stem
(iv) Flower parts in multiples of three
(v) No secondary growth (no cambium)
(vi) Endosperm in the seed

-Dicot Plants-
(PICK ANY TWO)
(i) Two cotyledons in the seed
(ii) Netted leaf veins
(iii) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring in the stem
(iv) Flower parts in multiples of four or five
(v) Secondary growth (presence of cambium)
(vi) No endosperm in the seed

(5bii)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Comparative Anatomy: Similarities in the structures and organs of different species, indicating common ancestry.
(ii) Paleontology (Fossil Record): Remains of extinct organisms provide evidence of evolutionary change over time.
(iii) Biogeography: Distribution of species on Earth supports the idea of evolution through diversification and dispersal.
(iv) Molecular Biology: Similarities in DNA and protein sequences indicate shared ancestry and evolutionary relationships.
(v) Vestigial Structures: Structures that have no apparent function present in an organism that suggest its evolutionary history.
(vi) Developmental Biology: Embryological similarities in different species indicate common evolutionary origins.
(vii) Genetic Variation: Mutations and recombination provide raw material for natural selection to work with.

(5biii)
(i) Hinge Joints
(ii) Pivot Joints
(iii) Ball-and-Socket Joints

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