Waec 2022 Marketing Obj & Essay Question & Answer Now Available.

(1ai)
Entrepreneurship is the act of creating a business or businesses while building and scaling it to generate a profit.

(1aii)
(i)Retained Earnings Businesses aim to maximize profits by selling a product or rendering service for a price higher than what it costs them to produce the goods. It is the most primitive source of funding for any company.
(ii) Debt Capital Companies obtain debt financing privately through bank loans. They can also source new funds by issuing debt to the public.
(iii)Equity Capital Companies can raise funds from the public in exchange for a proportionate ownership stake in the company in the form of shares issued to investors who become shareholders after purchasing the shares.
(iv)Personal investment
When starting a business, your first investor should be yourself either with your own cash or with collateral on your assets. This proves to investors and bankers that you have a long-term commitment to your project and that you are ready to take risks.

(1b)
(i)Availability of raw materials
(ii)Nearness to market
(iii)Availability of basic infrastructure
(iv)Economic policy
(v)Demographics
(vi)Psychographics

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(2a)
Marketing is the process of exploring, creating, and delivering value to meet the needs of a target market in terms of goods and services.

(2aii)
(i)Promotion.
(ii)Selling.
(iii)Product/service (iv)management.
(v)Marketing information management.
(vi)Pricing.

(2b)
(i)The Production Concept; The production concept is focused on operations and is based on the assumption that customers will be more attracted to products that are readily available and can be purchased for less than competing products of the same kind.

(ii)The Product Concept; The product concept is the opposite of the production concept in that it assumes that availability and price don’t have a role in customer buying habits and that people generally prefer quality, innovation, and performance over low cost.

(iii)The Selling Concept
Marketing on the selling concept entails a focus on getting the consumer to the actual transaction without regard for the customer’s needs or the product quality a costly tactic.

(iv)The Marketing Concept; The marketing concept is based on increasing a company’s ability to compete and achieve maximum profits by marketing the ways in which it offers better value to customers than its competitors.

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(4ai)
need is a consumer ‘s desire for a product ‘s or service ‘s specific benefit, whether that be functional or emotional.

(4aii)
want is the desire for products or services that are not necessary, but which consumers wish for.

(4aiii)
exchange is a marketplace where securities, commodities, derivatives and other financial instruments are traded.

(4iv)
demand is the total quantity demanded across all consumers in a market for a given good.

(4v)
transaction is a completed agreement between a buyer and a seller to exchange goods, services, or financial assets in return for money.

(4b)
Coming soon……

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