Waec 2022 Civic Education Obj & Essay Question And Answer Now Available

SECTION A

(1a)
Human rights simply means the absolute natural rights and privileges enjoyed by the citizens of any given state which are usually outlined by the constitution of the state.

OR

Human rights means certain privileges enjoyed by every citizen in a country irrespective of gender,tribe or creed. Human rights are natural ,civil,politics and legal

OR

Human rights are the basic natural rights which are essential for human existence and every citizen is entitled to.

(1b)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Being detained by law for an offence committed
(ii) During wars, a person’s right can be violated
(iii) During a curfew
(iv) When a citizen has a contagious or an infectious disease.
(v) Declaration of a state of emergency
(vi) Acquisition of individual’s property by the state for public use

(1c)
(i) To guarantee the liberty of citizens: It guarantees a total safeguard of human right, peace and unity in the society as the constitution is a body of laws and principles through which a state is ruled

(ii) To make sure the rights of citizens are not violated: Laws that are not written in the constitution are unknown to law, they cannot be exercised or sanctioned when violated.

(iii) To punish violators: The written form of human right gives room for a provision of a section for punishment of an offender or someone who infringed on someone’s right.

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(2ai) The first important quality at a responsible parent is choosing the right partner , to prevent future disputes
(ii) Responsible parent hood requires parents to consider their financial ability and plan on the number at children to give birth to, and cater for.
(iii) A responsible parent should be able to provide the needs at the family
(iv) A responsible parent should be able to detect when his or her partner and children are emotional unstable and adjust to prevent uprising in the family.
(v) A responsible parent should be able to adopt peaceful strategies like mimicking,laughter, etc

(2bi) it breeds God-fearing/morally upright children
(ii) it breeds children with good leadership and citizenship qualities.
(iii) it trains children to know their rights and how to secure them.
(iv) it trains children to be peace loving
(v) it trains children to abhor criminal/acts which reduces crime in the society.

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SECTION B

(NUMBER 6 )

TYPING….

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SECTION C

(9)
(PICK ANY FIVE)
(i) Poor orientations and low salaries: Public servants get poor or no orientations about their jobs and various offices held. This is coupled with their low salary earnings as pea-nut which is another reason for the shortcomings in the public service.

(ii) Lack of qualified personnel: Most personnel in various public service offices either neglect their right jobs or have little or no experience about it but carry out such services due to their search for greener pasture.

(iii) Waste of manpower and resources: This is another form of over-staffing which leads duplication of offices in the ministries. It appears as a waste of man power and resources when the public service pays excess money for little efforts since there would be no much job for them to carry out in their various offices.

(iv) Corruption: The effectiveness of the public service has been slowed down by bribery and corruption to the extent that public servants failed to perform their official duties as they look forward to bribery before carrying out their jobs.

(v) Colonial influence: Most public corporations incorporated in Nigeria during the colonial era and no longer inform since the departure of colonial masters who were the initiators of this public services and corporation. The independence saga and influence brought about some shortcomings into the public service, as some of these public corporations were seized and manipulated by private individuals into their own private businesses.

(vi) Political instability: constant and regular change of top rank office holders in public service brings about constant instability of rules and regulations. This constantly leads to the shortcomings in the public service sector in Nigeria

(vii) Political interference: Many governments in power do not allow the free flow of duties dye to the undue interferences which at most times is only favourable to politician. They regularly fixed upon various tasks they are ignorant of , but only their political wings attached them to such jobs.

(vii) Inconsistency of government policies/Bureaucracy: In Nigeria, a change of government many times means changes in policies.Bureaucracy refers to excessive use of formalities in the public service, which militate against its effectiveness.